Diamond, an allotrope of carbon, is the nature known in the most hard substances, natural and artificial two categories. Natural Diamond is produced only for kimberlite pipes.
Diamond is by far the planet's most hard material, since the diamond in the C-C bond is very strong, so the diamond hardness, on the Mohs hardness scale, with 10 kinds of minerals as a benchmark to determine 1-10 of hardness value
Diamond is a three-dimensional network-like structure, in the diamond structure, a carbon atom having a tetravalent state, i.e. sp3 hybrid state. The diamond structure of the basic characteristics of each carbon atom with 4 neighboring atoms are connected, they are in the tetrahedral Apex directions, each carbon atom with 4 neighboring carbon atoms shared fourth on the price of the electronic form 4 covalent bonds with the surrounding atoms connected to form a tetrahedron.
There are mainly two kinds of preparation of synthetic single Crystal Diamond of the method: one is the high-temperature high-pressure method high temperature and high pressure, is referred to as HTHP; the other one is the chemical vapor deposition method chemical vapor deposition,and referred to as CVD.
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